Compare American Samoa (2004) - Nauru (2002)

Compare American Samoa (2004) z Nauru (2002)

	American Samoa (2004)	Nauru (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island, Swains Island, Western	14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren
Age structure	0-14 years: 36.6% (male 10,983; female 10,208) 15-64 years: 60.3% (male 18,010; female 16,933) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 699; female 1,069) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 39.6% (male 2,515; female 2,366) 15-64 years: 58.7% (male 3,578; female 3,656) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 108; female 106) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock	coconuts
Airports	3 (2003 est.)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island	total: 21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Washington, DC	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.	Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Nauru achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999. Nauru is the world's smallest independent republic.
Birth rate	24.46 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	26.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants) expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY96/97)	revenues: $23.4 million expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
Capital	Pago Pago	no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Climate	tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Coastline	116 km	30 km
Constitution	ratified 1966, in effect 1967	29 January 1968
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS	conventional long form: Republic of Nauru conventional short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island
Currency	US dollar (USD)	Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate	3.39 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	NA (2002 est.)	$33.3 million
Dependency status	unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of the US)	the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of the US)	Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074 consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994	$2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Economy - overview	This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.	Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within a few years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freeze on wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely.
Electricity - consumption	120.9 million kWh (2001)	27.9 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	130 million kWh (2001)	30 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata 966 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines	limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5%	Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002) 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) cabinet: NA elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote: Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%	chief of state: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2004); following Rene HARRIS' resignation, Bernard DOWIYOGO was elected president election results: Rene HARRIS elected president; percent of Parliamentary vote - NA%; replaced by Bernard DOWIYOGO 9 January 2003 following a no-confidence vote; HARRIS reinstated 17 January 2003, then gives up presidency 18 January and DOWIYOGO is elected president; DOWIYOGO dies 10 March 2003; with 9 votes over 8 for Kinza CLODUMAR, Derog GIOURA was named acting president
Exports	NA (2001)	$25.3 million f.o.b. (1991)
Exports - commodities	canned tuna 93%	phosphates
Exports - partners	Samoa 33.3%, Japan 22.2%, Australia 11.1%, Canada 11.1%, New Zealand 11.1% (2003)	NZ, Australia, South Korea, US (2000)
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club	blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru
GDP	purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	NA%
Geographic coordinates	14 20 S, 170 00 W	0 32 S, 166 55 E
Geography - note	Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean	Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator
Highways	total: 350 km paved: 150 km unpaved: 200 km	total: 30 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	broad-based money-laundering center
Imports	NA (2001)	$21.1 million c.i.f. (1991)
Imports - commodities	materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%	food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
Imports - partners	Australia 33.3%, New Zealand 33.3%, Mauritius 9%, Japan 5.1%, South Korea 5.1%, UK 5.1% (2003)	Australia, US, UK, Indonesia, India (2000)
Independence	none (territory of the US)	31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA%
Industries	tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts	phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products
Infant mortality rate	total: 9.48 deaths/1,000 live births male: 10.06 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA (2003 est.)	-3.6% (1993) (1993)
International organization participation	Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)	Supreme Court
Labor force	14,000 (1996)	-
Labor force - by occupation	tuna canneries 34%, government 33%, other 33% (1990)	employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 10% permanent crops: 15% other: 75% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English note: most people are bilingual	Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
Legal system	NA	acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Legislative branch	bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held 2 November 2004); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held 2 November 2004) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2002 (next to be held 2 November 2004); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate	unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 75.62 years male: 72.05 years female: 79.41 years (2004 est.)	total population: 61.57 years male: 58.05 years female: 65.26 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US	Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 3,103 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 1,710 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Flag Day, 17 April (1900)	Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Nationality	noun: American Samoan(s) adjective: American Samoan	noun: Nauruan(s) adjective: Nauruan
Natural hazards	typhoons common from December to March	periodic droughts
Natural resources	pumice, pumicite	phosphates, fish
Net migration rate	-20.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA]	loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	57,902 (July 2004 est.)	12,329 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	0.04% (2004 est.)	1.96% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u	Nauru
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	7,000 (1997)
Railways	-	total: 5 km note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001)
Religions	Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%	Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	15,000 (2001)	2,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	2,377 (1999)	450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2004)	1 (1997)
Terrain	five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)	sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Total fertility rate	3.41 children born/woman (2004 est.)	3.5 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (2000)	0%
Waterways	-	none

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